CLAN 95: NEW CULTIVAR OF COTTON WITH HIGH QUALITY FIBER

Abstract

The Cotton Genetic Improvement Program (Gossypium hirsutum L.) conducted at CIFAP-Laguna (ClAN) released Nazas 87 in 1988, the first Mexican cultivar resistant to "cottonpox" (Puccinia cacabata A. and H.) . Later in 1990, it released the Laguna 89 cultivar, which among other desirable characteristics has a high degree of tolerance to "late drying", a disease caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliae K. In 1991 CIAN 95 was made available to producers. , which has good agronomic characteristics and excellent fiber quality. ClAN 95 comes from a triple cross in which Acala B-3080, PD-2165 and Delcerro participated as parents. The single cross was carried out in the Spring-Summer cycle of 1975 (at CIAN) and the triple cross in the winter of 1975-76 (in Iguala, Gro.). From 1977 to 1982, plant selection was carried out in segregating generations, in soils highly infested by the fungus, based on: tolerance to Verticillium damage, precocity, plants with short fruiting branches, small leaves and performance components such as number of flower buds per plant, cocoon weight and fiber percentage. In the F6 and F7 generations, selection for fiber quality and performance began. Starting in 1983, the best experimental lines were included in regional tests of yield and fiber quality in both free and Verticillium-infested soils, highlighting the NM -18 line, which was named CIAN 95. CIAN 95 is a cultivar tolerant to Verticillium damage, early, with a vegetative cycle of 10 to 15 days shorter than that of the varieties normally planted in the region. The plant height of CIAN 95 is similar to that of the Deltapine 80 cultivar; However, its architecture is very different since CIAN 95 has a "pine" shape, short fruiting branches, small leaves and its leaf area per plant is 35% less than that of Deltapine 80. The acorn of CIAN 95, like All cultivated varieties of Gossypium hirsutum L. are ovoid in shape with a pointed apex and four to five locules (carpels). The average weight of the cocoon is 5.9 g and its feather percentage is 38.8%. In disease-free soils CIAN 95 yields 6% more stone cotton and 3% more feather cotton than the control (Deltapine 80); but in soils infested by Verticillium the superiority of CIAN 95 is greater: 15% for stone cotton and 11% for feather cotton. CIAN 95 is distinguished by its excellent fiber quality, which has a length of 29.4 mm and a tensile strength of 90,000 pounds per square inch; On the other hand, the length of the witness is 27 mm and its resistance is 77,000 pounds per inch square. CIAN 95 is the first Mexican cultivar that has characteristics that are difficult to combine in a single genotype, such as: high yield potential, precocity, tolerance to Verticillium and high fiber quality. This cultivar was registered in the National Registry of Plant Varieties with number ALG-200292-22.