ADAPTABILITY OF BEAN GENOTYPES WITH RESISTANCE TO DISEASES AND SOIL ACIDITY

Abstract

Common bean productivity in the tropical region of Southeastern México is mainly limited by biotic factors, specially diseases, and abiotic factors such as drought stress and acid soils. This study was carried out in order to identify bean genotypes with adaptability to the region, due to resistance to diseases and tolerance to soil acidity. During the 1999 Spring-Summer and 1999-2000 Fall-Winter growing seasons, six experiments formed with 16 genotypes, including the regional cultivars Jamapa and Negro INIFAP, were established under a randomized complete block design with three replications. The quantified traits dealed with seed yield and reaction to diseases. With the information obtained from two lime treatments in Isla, Ver., the acid soil susceptibility index, the geometric mean and the relative yield efficiency index were calculated. Lines Icta Ju 97-1 and DOR-678 obtained the highest yield throughout the tested environments. Some lines showed resistance to the diseases: rust, bean golden mosaic virus and angular leaf spot, but no resistance to anthracnoses was found. The best responses in acid soils were achieved by lines DOR-678, Icta Ju 93-1 and Icta Ju 97-1. Lines DOR-667, Icta Ju 91-37 and Icta Ju 97-1 showed the best Relative Yield Efficiency Index. Icta Ju 97-1 showed wide adaptability, resistance to rust and bean golden mosaic virus, tolerance to anthracnos and angular leaf spot, and adaptation to acid soils.